Taking an aspirin a day may empower the immune system to combat bowel cancer cells effectively. This finding is supported by research showing that long-term use of aspirin could significantly reduce the risk of bowel cancer by impeding its development and progression. The protective effects of this common painkiller, as detailed in a study published in the journal Cancer, are attributed to its ability to enhance specific immune responses against cancer cells.
Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, is part of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) category and is recommended for individuals over 16 for pain relief and for those at risk of heart attacks and strokes due to its blood-thinning properties. However, its daily use should only be under a doctor’s guidance.
Although the link between aspirin use and a lowered risk of various cancers like stomach, esophageal, and bowel cancer has been previously noted, the exact mechanisms were not fully understood. Researchers from the University Hospital of Padova have furthered this understanding by analyzing tissue samples from 238 patients. They observed that patients who had been taking a low dose of aspirin showed less cancer spread to lymph nodes and a higher concentration of immune cells in their tumors.
In the lab, aspirin exposure led to an increased expression of the protein CD80 on immune cells, which plays a crucial role in alerting and activating other immune cells against cancer proteins. This was particularly noted in patients with rectal cancer, suggesting that aspirin not only acts through its anti-inflammatory properties but also enhances the immune system’s ability to detect and respond to cancer cells.
Principal investigator Marco Scarpa, MD, PhD, highlighted that the absorption of aspirin in the colon is crucial for its effectiveness against colorectal cancer, suggesting the need for ensuring adequate aspirin concentration in the colorectal tract.
Additionally, research indicates that regular aspirin use may reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. However, it’s important to note the potential side effects such as increased risk of internal bleeding, particularly in individuals over 60, and the possibility of stomach ulcers and severe allergic reactions. Aspirin should not be used by children under 16 unless prescribed by a doctor, and caution is advised for those with conditions like high blood pressure, liver or kidney issues, or asthma.
Overall, while aspirin shows promise in cancer prevention, it must be used judiciously under medical supervision to manage risks and maximize benefits.
